Ruzivo rwekutanga uye chimiro chewaya netambo

sumo: Sechikamu chakakosha chekufambisa kwemagetsi uye kutaurirana, waya netambo zvakakosha kuti udzidze uye unzwisise izvo zvekutanga waya netambo.Ichi chinyorwa chichatanga kubva papfungwa yekutanga yewaya, mutsauko pakati pewaya netambo uye sumo pfupi yechimiro, zvinodikanwa zvewaya dzemhangura, sheath yekudzivirira uye jekete, tsananguro yeruvara rwewaya, kupatsanurwa kwewaya, zvinoreva kudhinda pamawaya, iyo geji yewaya uye kurodha kunoenderana Devedza mune izvo zvekutanga waya uye tambo maererano nekuyerera, kuongorora, kuyedzwa uye zviyero.

1. Pfungwa huru yewaya: Waya makondukita anoshandiswa kufambisa magetsi uye anowanzo gadzirwa nesimbi semhangura kana aluminium.Iyo inowanzo ine yepakati conductor, yakaputirwa mukudzivirira kumisa kubuda kwazvino uye kusangana kwakananga nezvimwe zvinhu.Iyo yekunze sheath inoshandiswa kuchengetedza iyo insulation layer kubva kunze kwemuviri uye kemikari kukuvara.

Detailed sumo: The centre conductor of the wire can be a solid conductor (seyakasimba copper wire) kana tambo yakasungirirwa (seyakaita tambo yemhangura).Solid conductors akakodzera kune yakaderera-frequency maseketi uye mapfupi mafambisirwo ekufambisa, nepo stranded conductors akakodzera kune yakakwirira-frequency maseketi uye kureba-kufambiswa kwekufambisa.Izvo zvinhu zveiyo insulating layer inogona kusarudzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo, senge polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) kana muchinjiko-yakabatana polyethylene (XLPE).

das6

2.Musiyano uye chimiro chewaya netambo:

2.1 Musiyano: Waya inowanzova core imwe chete ine imwe chete centre conductor uye insulation.Iyo tambo inoumbwa neakawanda-musimboti waya, imwe neimwe yepakati waya ine yayo yekuvharisa layer, pamwe neiyo yakazara insulation layer uye yekunze sheath.

Detailed sumo: Cables ari maviri anoshanda uye akaomarara uye akakodzera kune akawanda-musimboti kutapurirana uye kure-kure simba kufambisa.Chimiro chetambo chinosanganisira kwete chete chepakati conductor uye chigadziko chekudzivirira, asiwo chizadziso, chidziviriro chekudzivirira, sheath yekudzivirira uye yekunze sheath.Mafirita anoshandiswa kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakagadzikana pakati petambo dzepakati.Iyo shielding layer inoshandiswa kuparadzanisa kupindira pakati pepakati waya.Iyo insulating sheath inoshandiswa kuchengetedza iyo yakazara insulation layer, nepo yekunze sheath inoshandiswa kuchengetedza iyo yekuvharisa layer kubva kunze kwemuviri uye kemikari kukuvara.

3. Zvinodiwa pawaya yemhangura: Sechinhu chinowanzo shandiswa kondakita, waya yemhangura inoda yakakwirira conductivity.Mukuwedzera kune conductivity yemagetsi, waya yemhangura inofanirawo kuva yakanaka yekupisa conductivity, kusimba kwesimba uye kusagadzikana kwekuora.

Detailed sumo: Sechinhu conductor, mhangura ine yakaderera magetsi kuramba, yakakwira magetsi conductivity uye yakanaka thermal conductivity.High-kuchena mhangura waya inogona kupa zviri nani conductivity.Pamusoro pezvo, mhangura inoda kuve neyakakwana simba rekusimba uye kurwisa ngura kuti ive nechokwadi chehupenyu hurefu uye kuvimbika kwewaya.

das4

4. Insulation sheath uye jekete: Iyo insulating layer inoshandiswa kudzivirira kubuda kwezvino uye kusangana kwakananga nezvimwe zvinhu.Inowanzo shandiswa insulating zvinhu ndeye polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) uye cross-yakabatana polyethylene (XLPE).Iyo yekunze sheath inoshandiswa kuchengetedza insulating layer kubva kunze kwemuviri uye kemikari kukuvara, uye zvinowanzoshandiswa zvinhu polyvinyl chloride (PVC) kana polyethylene (PE).

Detailed sumo: Iyo insulation layer chikamu chakakosha chekuvharira nekudzivirira kwewaya netambo.Yakasiyana insulation zvinhu zvine zvinodiwa zvakasiyana kune akasiyana mashandisirwo mamiriro.Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulation, somuenzaniso, ine zvinhu zvakanaka zvemagetsi uye kupikisa kwemakemikari uye inokodzera kuendesa simba mudzimba uye zvivako zvekutengesa.Iyo polyethylene (PE) insulation layer ine yakanaka kutonhora inodzivirira uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukufambisa kwekunze kwemagetsi.Iyo muchinjiko-yakabatana polyethylene (XLPE) insulation layer ine nani yakakwira tembiricha kuramba uye inokodzera kufambiswa kwemagetsi munzvimbo dzakanyanya tembiricha.

5. tsananguro yeruvara rwewaya: Mutambo netambo, waya dzemavara akasiyana dzinomiririra kushandiswa kwakasiyana uye mazinga emagetsi.Semuenzaniso, muInternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) chiyero, bhuruu inomiririra waya isina kwayakarerekera, yero-yegirini inomiririra waya yepasi, uye tsvuku kana brown inomiririra chikamu waya.

Detailed sumo: Tsanangudzo yeruvara rwewaya inowirirana pasi rose uye inoshandiswa kusiyanisa maseketi nemabasa akasiyana.Semuenzaniso, bhuruu kazhinji inoratidza waya isina kwayakarerekera, nzira yekudzoka ikozvino.Yellow-green inowanzoratidza tambo yepasi, iyo inoshandiswa kuitisa magetsi zvakachengeteka.Tsvuku kana shava ndiyo inowanzo shandiswa sefasi waya, iyo ine basa rekutakura ikozvino.Nyika dzakasiyana uye matunhu anogona kunge aine misiyano midiki, saka unofanirwa kunzwisisa zvimiro nemirairo yenzvimbo.

das3

6. Kukamurwa kwetambo dzetambo: Waya dzinogona kuverengerwa zvinoenderana nemagetsi emagetsi, insulating zvinhu, flame retardant properties, etc. Zvikamu zvakajairika zvinosanganisira low voltage (standing voltage less than 1000V) cables, medium and high voltage cables, flame retardant cables, etc. .

Yakadzama sumo: Kurongeka kwewaya kunoenderana neakasiyana zvivakwa uye zvinodiwa zvekushandisa.Low-voltage cables akakodzera imba uye zvivakwa zvekutengesa, uye kazhinji anoshingirira mavoltages ari pasi pe1000V.Tambo dzepakati nepamusoro-soro dzakakodzera tambo dzekufambisa, uye inomira voltage range inowanzova pakati pe1kV ne500kV.Tambo dzinodzora moto dzine zvinhu zvakanaka zvinodzivirira moto uye dzinodzivirira kuti moto usapararire.

7. chirevo chekudhinda kwewaya: Kudhinda pawaya ndiko kuziva ruzivo rwewaya, semugadziri, modhi, kutsanangurwa, chiyero chevoltage, nezvimwewo. Ruzivo urwu rwakakosha pakuiswa, kushandiswa uye kuchengetedza tambo. .

Yakadzama sumo: Kudhinda pawaya chiratidzo chakawedzerwa nemugadziri panguva yekugadzira maitiro ekutevera uye kusimbisa iyo chaiyo ruzivo rwewaya.Kuburikidza nekudhinda, vashandisi vanogona kuona mhando, yakatarwa uye inoshanda nharaunda yewaya.Semuenzaniso, zita remugadziri uye ruzivo rwekuonana runogona kubatsira vashandisi vane mushure mekutengesa sevhisi uye rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi.

8. Wire geji uye inoenderana ampacity: Wire geji inoreva kutsanangurwa uye dhayamita yewaya.Waya dzemhando dzakasiyana dzine hunyanzvi hwekutakura mitoro uye hunyanzvi hwekutakura hunoenderana, hunoda kusarudzwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo.

Yakadzama sumo: Wire geji inowanzomiririrwa nechiyero, senge AWG yakatarwa (American Wire Gauge), sikweya millimeter (mm²) yakatarwa.Waya dzemhando dzakasiyana dzine nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemuchinjiko uye conductivity yemagetsi, saka inopindirana ikozvino inotakura simba ichave yakasiyana.Maererano nemutoro wezvino uye kureba kwetambo, tambo yakakodzera yegeji inogona kusarudzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda kwakachengeteka kwetambo.

das5

9. kuongorora, kuyedza, tsananguro yakajairwa: Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti waya inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza uye kuvimbika, waya inoda kuongororwa kwakasimba uye kuyedzwa.Kazhinji, kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwetambo dzewaya kunofanirwa kutevedzera zvinoenderana nenyika kana yepasirese zviyero, seIEC, GB uye mamwe mazinga.

Yakadzama sumo: Kudzora kwemhando yewaya kunoda kuongororwa uye kuyedzwa.Semuyenzaniso, zvinhu zvakaita se conductor kuramba, kusimba kwemagetsi ekudzivirira, kusimba kwematanho ekudzivirira, uye kusimba kwekusimba kwezvinhu zvinoitisa zvinoda kuongororwa.Uye zvakare, vagadziri nevashandisi vanofanirwa kutevedzera yenyika kana yepasi rose zviyero, senge IEC, GB, nezvimwewo, kuve nechokwadi chekuti waya inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza uye hunyanzvi hwekuita.

pakupedzisa: Ruzivo rwekutanga rwewaya uye tambo yakakosha pakushandisa kwakaringana uye kuchengetedza waya netambo.Nekunzwisisa iwo ekutanga pfungwa dzewaya, mutsauko pakati pewaya netambo, zvinodiwa waya dzemhangura, insulation sheaths uye jaketi, tsananguro yemavara ewaya, kuunzwa kwewaya kupatsanurwa, zvinoreva kudhinda waya, waya geji uye inoenderana nekutakura ikozvino. kugona uye kuongorora, Neruzivo rweyedzo uye zviyero, tinogona kunzwisisa zvirinani nekushandisa waya netambo.Ndinovimba chinyorwa ichi chichabatsira vaverengi uye kuwedzera ruzivo rwehunyanzvi hwewaya netambo.


Nguva yekutumira: Jul-17-2023