Hurukuro pamusoro peExtrusion process yeLow-Smoke Halogen-Free Cables

Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji inodzoreredza moto wemidziyo yetambo, mhando nyowani dzetambo dzinodzoreredza moto dzave dzichiramba dzichibuda, dzichibva kune dzakajairwa tambo dzinodzoreredza murazvo kuenda kune yakaderera-utsi-halogen tambo dzinodzoreredza moto uye tambo dzepasi-halogen-isina murazvo unodzoreredza. . Izvi zvinoratidza kuti zvinodikanwa zvetambo dzinodzoreredza moto zvanga zvichikwira nekukwira mumakore achangopfuura.

Munyika dzakadai seEurope, United States, uye Japan, waya uye zvigadzirwa zvetambo zvine hushamwari zvakatipoteredza zvazova chinhu chikuru chemhando dzose dzetambo. Hurumende dzinorambidza zvachose kushandiswa kana kupinda munyika kwetambo dzisiri dzinoenderana nenharaunda. Zvakajairika murazvo retardant zvinhu zvine huwandu hukuru hwehalogen. Pakutsva, vanoburitsa huwandu hukuru hwehutsi uye muchetura unoodza hydrogen halide gasi. Halogen-isina murazvo retardancy inonyanya kuwanikwa muma polyolefins. Naizvozvo, yakaderera-utsi halogen-yemahara tambo ichave yakanyanya kusimudzira maitiro mune ramangwana. Saka, iyo extrusion yepasi-utsi halogen-isina tambo zvinhu zvichakurukurwa kubva pane zvinotevera zvinhu.

1. Extrusion Equipment
   A. Chinhu chikuru chewaya uye tambo extrusion midziyo ndeye screw, iyo inoenderana neiyo application renji uye kugona kwekugadzira kweiyo extruder. Kusangana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana epurasitiki kugadzirisa, kune akawanda marudzi e screw designs. Yakaderera-utsi halogen-isina murazvo unodzoreredza tambo zvinhu zvine yakazadzwa magnesium hydroxide kana aluminium hydroxide. Naizvozvo, pakusarudzwa kwemasiruu, akajairika screws anowanzo shandiswa, uye iwo compression ratios haifanirwe kunge yakakura, kazhinji pakati pe1: 1 uye 1: 2.5 inonyanya kukodzera.
   B. Chimwe chinhu chinokosha chinokanganisa kubudiswa kwepasi-smoke halogen-free cable zvinhu panguva ye extrusion process ndiyo inotonhora mudziyo we extruder. Nekuda kwehunhu hwakakosha hwepasi-utsi halogen-isina zvinhu, huwandu hukuru hwekupisa hunogadzirwa nekuda kwekukweshana panguva yeextrusion process. Izvi zvinoda kuti extrusion midziyo ine yakanaka kutonhora mudziyo kudzora muitiro tembiricha. Iri idambudziko risingagoni kufuratirwa. Kana kutonhora kwakanyanya, pores huru ichaumbwa pamusoro petambo; kana tembiricha yakadzikira, huwandu hwese hwemidziyo huchawedzera, uye midziyo inokonzeresa kukuvadza.
2. Extrusion Molds
   Nekuda kweiyo yakakwira kuzadza zvinhu mune yakaderera-utsi halogen-isina tambo zvinhu, kune misiyano yakakura mukunyunguduka kwesimba, dhizaini reshiyo, uye viscosity pakati payo nezvimwe zvinhu zvetambo munzvimbo yakanyungudutswa. Nokudaro, kusarudzwa kwezviumbwa zvakasiyanawo. Kutanga, mukusarudza kwe extrusion nzira dze molds. Nokuda kwekubudiswa kwepasi-smoke halogen-isina cable zvinhu, iyo extrusion mold yekudzivirira inofanira kunge iri yemhando ye extrusion, uye panguva yekubudiswa kwesheath, semi-extrusion type inofanira kushandiswa. Nenzira iyi chete ndipo panogona kuvimbiswa simba rekusimba, kurebesa, uye kupera kwepamusoro kwechinhu chacho. Chechipiri, pakusarudzwa kwemaoko ekufa. Paunenge uchishandisa extrusion molds, nekuda kwepamusoro viscosity yezvinhu, kudzvanywa kwemusoro wekufa kwakakura, uye zvinhu zvichawedzera kana ichibuda muvhu. Naizvozvo, iyo sleeve yekufa inofanirwa kuve idiki zvishoma pane saizi chaiyo. Chekupedzisira, iwo emakanika emidziyo yakaderera-utsi halogen-isina zvinhu zvepamusoro-soro seizvo zvezvakajairwa tambo zvinhu uye yakaderera-utsi yakaderera-halogen zvinhu. Reshiyo yaro yekudhirowa idiki, ingangoita 2.5 kusvika 3.2. Naizvozvo, pakusarudza molds, zvimiro zvayo zvekudhirowa zvinofanirwa kutariswa zvizere. Izvi zvinoda kuti kusarudzwa uye kufananidzwa kwemaoko ekufa hakufaniri kunge kwakakura zvakanyanya, kana zvisina kudaro nzvimbo yetambo haizove yakaoma, uye iyo extrusion coating ichave yakasununguka.
   Imwe pfungwa yekuwedzera: Iyo mota simba remuchina mukuru unofanirwa kuve wakakura zvakakwana. Nekuda kweiyo yakakwira viscosity yezvinhu zveLSHF, simba risina kukwana harishande.
   Imwe pfungwa yekusabvumirana: Hurefu hwechikamu chegalari che extrusion mold haifaniri kunge yakareba, kazhinji isingasviki 1 mm. Kana yakareba, simba rekugera rinenge rakakura.
   1. Kune halogen-isina zvinhu, kushandisa sikururu ine yakaderera compression reshiyo yekugadzirisa zvakanaka. (Iyo yakakura yekumanikidza reshiyo inokonzeresa kupisa kwakanyanya mukati nekunze kwepurasitiki, uye yakakura kureba-kusvika-dhayamita reshiyo inozokonzera kupisa kwenguva refu kwepurasitiki.)
   2. Nekuda kwekuwedzera kweiyo yakawanda yemurazvo retardant mune yakaderera-utsi halogen-isina zvinhu, kune matambudziko makuru mu extrusion process. Simba rekugera re screw pane halogen-isina zvinhu zvakakura. Iyo inonyanya kushanda nzira parizvino ndeye kushandisa yakakosha extrusion screw yehalogen-isina zvinhu.
   3. Munguva ye extrusion, chinhu chakaita senge kubuda kweziso chinoonekwa pakuvhurwa kwekufa. Kana pane zvakawanda zvayo, inonamatira kune waya uye inogadzira zvidimbu zviduku, zvinokanganisa kuonekwa kwayo. Wakambosangana nazvo here? Une zvigadziriso zvakanaka here? Iyo imvura inonamirwa kune yekunze kufa kuvhura. Kudzikisa tembiricha yekuvhura kwekufa uye kugadzirisa mold kuti iite zvishoma kutambanudza kunovandudza mamiriro zvakanyanya. Iniwo kazhinji ndinotarisana nedambudziko iri uye handisati ndawana mhinduro yakakosha. Ndinofungidzira kuti inokonzerwa nekusawirirana kwakashata kwezvinhu zvezvinhu. Zvinonzi kushandisa blowtorch kubika zvinogona kushanda, asi tembiricha haifanire kunge yakakwira zvakanyanya, kana zvisina kudaro iyo insulation ichakuvadzwa. Kana tembiricha yemusoro wekufa yakakwira, kudzikisa tembiricha zvishoma kunogadzirisa dambudziko. Pane mhinduro mbiri dzedambudziko iri: 1) Shandisa pfuti yemhepo kuridza, kunyanya nemhepo inopisa; 2) Shandura dhizaini ye mold nekugadzira diki protrusion pakuvhura kufa. Kureba kweprotrusion kunowanzoita 1 mm. Asi ini handizive kana kune vagadziri vepamba vanogona kugadzira mold dzakadaro. Nekuda kwedambudziko remvura pakuvhurwa kwefa panguva yekuwedzererwa kwepasi-utsi halogen-isina zvinhu, kuisa inopisa-mhepo yekubvisa slag mudziyo pakuvhura kwekufa kunogona kugadzirisa dambudziko iri. Kambani yedu parizvino iri kushandisa nzira iyi, uye mhedzisiro yacho yakanaka kwazvo.
      Imwe pfungwa yekuwedzera: Paunenge uchigadzira yakaderera-utsi halogen-isina zvinhu, zvakanakisa kushandisa semi-tubular extrusion mold ye tubular extrusion. Pamusoro pezvo, kupedzwa kwepamusoro kwe mold kunofanirwa kuve kwakakwira kudzivirira kutaridzika kwekubuda kweziso-senge madhipoziti pakuvhurwa kwekufa kwekunze.
   4. Mubvunzo: Kana uchigadzira yakaderera-utsi halogen-isina zvinhu parizvino, tembiricha iri munzvimbo yechina yedhiramu inoramba ichikwira. Mushure mekunge kukurumidza kwawedzerwa, tembiricha inokwira neanenge 40 madhigirii, zvichiita kuti zvinhu zviputike. Pane zvigadziriso zvakanaka here? Nokuda kwechiitiko chezviputi zvinoratidzika panguva yekubudiswa kwezvinhu zvakaderera-halogen-isina, maererano nekuongorora kwakajairwa: Imwe ndeyokuti zvinhu zvakaderera-halogen-isina zvinhu zvinokanganisa nyore nyore nehunyoro. Pamberi peextrusion, zviri nani kuita mushonga wekuomesa; Zviviri ndezvekuti kutonga kwekushisa panguva ye extrusion process kunofanirwa kuve kwakakodzera. Simba rekugera rehalogen-isina zvinhu panguva yeextrusion process yakakura, uye kupisa kwechisikigo kunogadzirwa pakati pembiru uye screw. Inokurudzirwa kuti ideredze tembiricha yakatarwa; Chetatu ndicho chikonzero chemhando yezvinhu pachayo. Mafekitori mazhinji emidziyo yetambo anongowedzera huwandu hwakakura hwekuzadza kuderedza mutengo, zvichikonzera kuwandisa kwezvinhu kukwevera kwesimba. Nokuda kwechiitiko chezviputi zvinoratidzika panguva yekubudiswa kwezvinhu zvakaderera-halogen-isina, maererano nekuongorora kwakajairwa: Imwe ndeyokuti zvinhu zvakaderera-halogen-isina zvinhu zvinokanganisa nyore nyore nehunyoro. Pamberi peextrusion, zviri nani kuita mushonga wekuomesa; Zviviri ndezvekuti kutonga kwekushisa panguva ye extrusion process kunofanirwa kuve kwakakodzera. Simba rekugera rehalogen-isina zvinhu panguva yeextrusion process yakakura, uye kupisa kwechisikigo kunogadzirwa pakati pembiru uye screw. Inokurudzirwa kuti ideredze tembiricha yakatarwa; Chetatu ndicho chikonzero chemhando yezvinhu pachayo. Mafekitori mazhinji ematambo emidziyo anongowedzera huwandu hukuru hwekuzadza kuderedza mutengo, zvichikonzera kuwandisa kwezvinhu chaikoiko. Kana iri pin-type screw head, inogonawo kugadzira yakaderera-utsi halogen-isina zvinhu? Kwete, simba rekugera rakakurisa, uye pachava nemafuro ese. 1) Sarudza iyo yekumanikidza reshiyo ye screw yako uye chimiro uye chimiro munzvimbo yechina, kungave kune zvikamu zvekuchinjisa kana zvikamu zvinodzosera kumashure. Kana zvakadaro, zvinokurudzirwa kutsiva screw. 2) Sarudza iyo inotonhorera system munzvimbo yechina. Unogona kushandisa feni kufuridzira mweya wakananga kunzvimbo iyi kuti utonhodze pasi. 3) Chaizvoizvo, mamiriro ezvinhu aya haana zvakawanda zvekuita kana zvinhu zvichikanganiswa nehunyoro kana kwete. Nekudaro, iyo extrusion yekumhanyisa yehalogen-isina sheath zvinhu haifanirwe kunge ichimhanya zvakanyanya.
   5. Aya mapoinzi anotevera anofanirwa kucherechedzwa kana uchiburitsa yakaderera-utsi halogen-isina zvinhu: 1) Kupisa panguva yeextrusion ndiyo inonyanya kukosha. Kudzora tembiricha kunofanira kunge kwakaringana. Kazhinji, iyo yakanyanya tembiricha inodiwa iri pakati pe160 - 170 madhigirii. Haifaniri kunge yakanyanyisa kana kuderera. Kana tembiricha yakanyanyisa, iyo aluminium hydroxide kana magnesium hydroxide muzvinyorwa zvinokonzeresa kuora, zvichikonzera nzvimbo isina kutsvedza uye inokanganisa kushanda kwayo; kana kutonhora kwakanyanya kuderera, simba reshear rakanyanya kukura, iyo extrusion pressure yakakura, uye pamusoro haina kunaka. 2) Zvakanakisisa kushandisa tubular extrusion mold panguva ye extrusion. Kana uchifananidza mold, panofanira kuva nekumwe kutambanudza. Munguva yeextrusion, iyo mandrel inofanira kunge iri 1 - 3 mm kuseri kwefa sleeve. Iyo extrusion kumhanya haifanirwe kunge ichimhanya zvakanyanya, uye inofanirwa kudzorwa pakati pe7 - 12 m. Kana iyo kumhanya ichimhanya zvakanyanya, simba rekugera rakakurisa, uye tembiricha yakaoma kudzora. (Kunyange zvazvo LSZH isiri nyore kugadzirisa, zvirokwazvo haisi iyo inononoka (sezvakataurwa neBird Bird, 7 - 12 M). Kunyange zvakadaro, ihwowo kukurumidza kwe25 kana kupfuura, uye dhayamita yekunze inenge 6 MM !! )
   6. Iyo tembiricha yekupisa yepasi-utsi halogen-isina zvinhu ichasiyana zvichienderana nehukuru hweiyo extruder. The extrusion tembiricha yandakaidza ine 70-mhando extruder ndeaya anotevera kune yako referensi. Chikamu 1: 170 madhigirii, Chikamu 2: 180 madhigirii, Chikamu 3: 180 madhigirii, Chikamu 4: 185 madhigirii, Die musoro: 190 madhigirii, Machine ziso: 200 madhigirii. Iyo yakawanda inogona kusvika 210 degrees. Iyo tembiricha yekuparara kweiyo yataurwa pamusoro murazvo inodzoreredza inofanira kunge iri 350 madhigirii, saka haizoparare. Iyo yakakura iyo yakanyunguduka indekisi yehalogen-isina zvinhu, zviri nani kuyerera kwayo uye zviri nyore kuburitsa. Naizvozvo, 150-mhando screw inogona zvakare kuiburitsa chero bedzi fluidity yehalogen-isina zvinhu zvakanaka zvakakwana. (Ndinoda kukubvunzai kana tembiricha yepamusoro yawataura iri tembiricha inoratidzwa kana tembiricha yakatarwa? Patinozviita, tembiricha yeseti kazhinji haipfuuri madhigirii 140.) Hongu, kuita kwemurazvo wemoto kunodzikira kana tembiricha yadarika. 160 madhigirii.
   7. Kubudirira kugadzirwa uchishandisa BM sikururu ine compression reshiyo ye3.0. Ndiri kushushikanawo nazvo. Ndokumbirawo kubvunza nyanzvi dzese: Sei isingagone kuseruru ane yakakwira compression ratio (> 1: 2.5) kushandiswa kugadzira? Simba rekugera rakakurisa, uye mabhuru achaumbwa. Kambani yedu yanga ichishandisa zana nemakumi mashanu kugadzira tambo dzepasi-halogen-yemahara, uye mhedzisiro yacho yakanaka kwazvo. Isu tinoshandisa equidistant uye yakaenzana-yakadzika screws, uye kupisa kwekupisa kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe kunofanirwa kudzorwa zvakanaka, zvikasadaro mabhubhu kana matambudziko ekare eglue achaitika. Zvisinei, zvinonetsa zvikuru. Nguva imwe neimwe, screw uye pulley inoda kuchinjwa, uye kumanikidzwa mubhodhoro uye kufa musoro kwakakurawo.
   8. Ini ndinofunga kuti zviri nani kusavhara panguva yekuwedzeredza kubvumidza hama kutsvedza munzira yeradial uye kusaita kutsemuka.
   9. Nekudaro, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kupihwa kudzivirira kuwedzera kwezvinhu pakuvhurwa kwekudya.
   10. Kambani yedu yakashandisa zvakajairika halogen-isina zvinhu zvisati zvaitika, izvo zvaiwanzoita chena. Iye zvino isu tinoshandisa GE zvinhu, izvo zvinodhura zvakanyanya asi hazvina dambudziko rekuchena. Ndinoda kubvunza kana zvinhu zvako zvisina halogen zvine dambudziko rekuchena?
   11. Pamusana pekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemoto unopisa mumoto wakaderera-halogen-isina zvinhu, ichi ndicho chikonzero chikuru nei kukurumidza kusingagoni kuwedzerwa, zvichikonzera kuoma kukuru mukugadzirisa extrusion. Munguva yeextrusion, chinhu chakaita senge kubuda kweziso chinoonekwa pakuvhurwa kwekufa. Kana pane zvakawanda zvayo, inonamatira kune waya uye inogadzira zvidimbu zviduku, zvinokanganisa kuonekwa kwayo. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, inogona kubikwa ne blowtorch. Iko kutonhora hakufaniri kunge kwakanyanyisa, kana zvisina kudaro kusungirirwa kuchakuvadzwa. Iyi ndiyo yakanyanya kuoma kudzora nzvimbo mukuita. Kune halogen-isina zvinhu, kushandisa yakaderera-compression-ratio uye hollow screw yekugadzirisa haina dambudziko maererano nekumhanya kwekugadzirisa. Kubva pamaonero emidziyo midiki yekuwedzeredza muchina (ine screw dhayamita ye100 mm kana pasi) uye kuwedzeredzwa kweyakaderera-utsi halogen-isina waya uchishandisa vinyl acetate copolymer seyakadzika zvinhu, kutaridzika uye kuita hazvikanganisike zvakanyanya kana uchishandisa zvakajairika. PVC screws uye akakosha screws kune yakaderera-utsi halogen-isina zvinhu zvekugadzira. Izvo zvakanyanya kukosha zvinokanganisa kuita kweextrusion uye chitarisiko zvichiri magadzirirwo uye chiyero cheakasiyana emoto retardants, zvimwe zvinhu zvekuzadza, uye base zvinhu. Paunenge uchishandisa PVC uye PE zvinhu extrusion screws kugadzira yakaderera-utsi halogen-isina zvinhu, nekuda kwepamusoro viscosity yezvinhu zvakadaro, uye iyo compression reshiyo yeyakajairwa PVC zvinhu extrusion screws ingangoita 2.5 - 3.0. Kana akadaro compression ratio screws akashandiswa kugadzira yakaderera-utsi halogen-isina zvinhu, panguva yeextrusion process, iyo yekusanganisa mhedzisiro mukati meiyo screw haisvike pane yakanyanya kunaka panguva iyo zvinhu zvinogara mu screw, uye zvinhu zvinonamatira kune iyo. mukati memadziro emubhodhoro, zvichikonzera kusakwana kweglue kubuda, kusakwanisa kuwedzera extrusion speed, uye panguva imwechete kuwedzera mutoro wemotokari. Naizvozvo, hazvikurudzirwi kuzvishandisa. Kana kugadzirwa kwehuwandu kuchiitwa, zviri nani kushandisa screw yakakosha ine yakaderera compression ratio. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti compression reshiyo ive pazasi 1.8: 1. Uye zvakare, iyo mota simba inoda kuwedzerwa uye yakakodzera simba inverter inoda kusarudzwa kuti iwane yakanakisa extrusion maitiro uye kuita waya.
   12. Matambudziko akazara epasi-utsi halogen-isina zvinhu ndezvi: 1) Kune ma pores mune yakawedzera chigadzirwa; 2) Kupedzwa kwepamusoro kwakashata; 3) Iyo glue inobuda idiki; 4) The frictional heat ye screw yakakura.
   13. Paunenge uchiburitsa halogen-isina yakaderera-utsi inodzoreredza moto, sezvo tembiricha isingakwanise kukwira zvakanyanya, iyo viscosity yezvinhu yakakwira. Iyo extrusion muchina sikuruu inofanirwa kusarudzwa se20/1, uye iyo compression reshiyo haifanire kunge yakakura kupfuura 2.5. Nekuda kwesimba rakakura rekugera, tembiricha yepanyama inokwira yakakura. Zvakanakisisa kushandisa mvura kutonhora screw. Kubika neblowtorch pamoto wakaderera kunoshanda zvakanyanya pakubuda kweziso pakuvhurwa kwefa uye hazvizoputsi kuvharisa.
   14. Kutsvaga rubatsiro kune reshiyo yepasi-utsi halogen-isina extrusion molds. Reshiyo yekudhirowa ndeye 1.8 - 2.5, iyo dhizaini dhigirii ndeye 0.95 - 1.05. Chiyero chekudhirowa idiki zvishoma pane iyo yePVC. Edza kugadzira mold inoenderana compact! Nhamba yedhirowa inenge 1.5. Iyo mandrel haidi kutakura waya. Shandisa nzira yesemi-extrusion. Kupisa kwemvura kwetangi remvura yekutanga ndeye 70 - 80 °. Zvadaro kutonhora kwemhepo kunoshandiswa, uye pakupedzisira kutonhora kwemvura.